Handbook of Antioxidants

Machine generated contents note: I. General Topics -- 1. Food-Derived Antioxidants: How to Evaluate Their Importance in Food and In Vivo 1 -- Barry Halliwell -- 2. Measurement of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Nutritional and Clinical Studies 47 -- Guohua Cao and Ronald L. Prior -- 3. Quantification of Isoprostanes as Indicators of Oxidant Stress In Vivo 57 -- Jason D. Morrow, William E. Zackert, Daniel S. Van der Ende, Erin E. Reich, -- Erin S. Terry, Brian Cox, Stephanie C. Sanchez, Thomas J. Montine, and -- L. Jackson Roberts -- II. Vitamin E -- 4. Efficacy of Vitamin E in Human Health and Disease 75 -- Sharon V Landvik, Anthony T. Diplock, and Lester Packer -- 5. Vitamin E Bioavailability, Biokinetics, and Metabolism 99 -- Maret G. Traber -- 6. Biological Activity of Tocotrienols 109 -- Stefan U. Weber and Gerald Rimbach -- III. Vitamin C -- 7. Vitamin C: From Molecular Actions to Optimum Intake 117 -- Sebastian J. Padayatty, Rushad Daruwala, Yaohui Wang, Peter K. Eck, -- Jian Song, Woo S. Koh, and Mark Levine -- 8. Vitamin C and Cardiovascular Diseases 147 -- Anitra C. Carr and Balz Frei -- 9. Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Ascorbate and Cancer 167 -- James E. Enstrom -- IV. Carotenoids -- 10. Carotenoids: Linking Chemistry, Absorption, and Metabolism to Potential Roles in Human Health and Disease 189 -- Denise M. Deming, Thomas W-M. Boileau, Kasey H. Heintz, -- Christine A. Atkinson, and John W. Erdman, Jr. -- 11. Antioxidant Effects of Carotenoids: Implication in Photoprotection in Humans 223 -- Wilhelm Stahl and Helmut Sies -- 12. Oxidative Breakdown of Carotenoids and Biological Effects of Their Metabolites 235 -- Werer G. Siems, Olaf Sommerburg, and Frederik J. G. M. van Kuijk -- 13. Carotenoids in the Nutrition of Infants 251 -- Olaf Sommerburg, Wener G. Siems, Kristina Meissner and -- Michael Leichsenring -- 14. Human Studies on Bioavailability and Serum Response of Carotenoids 265 -- Elizabeth J. Johnson -- V. Polyphenols and Flavonoids -- 15. Caffeic Acid and Related Antioxidant Compounds: Biochemical and Cellular Effects 279 -- Joao Laranjinha -- 16. Polyphenols and Flavonoids Protect LDL Against Atherogenic Modifications 303 -- Bianca Fuhrman and Michael Aviram -- 17. Phytoestrogen Content in Foods and Their Role in Cancer 337 -- Anna H. Wu and Malcolm C. Pike -- 18. Peroxynitrite Scavenging by Mitochondrial Reductants and Plant Polyphenols 351 -- Alberto Boveris, Silvia Alvarez, Silvia Lores Araiz, and Laura B. Valdez -- VI. Antioxidants in Beverages and Herbal Products -- 19. Antioxidant and Other Properties of Green and Black Tea 371 -- Philip J. Rijken, Douglas A. Balentine, C. A. J. van Mierlo, -- I. Paetau-Robinson, E van de Put, Paul T Quinlan, Ute M. Weisgerber, -- and Sheila A. Wiseman -- 20. The Phenolic Wine Antioxidants 401 -- Andrew L. Waterhouse -- 21. French Maritime Pine Bark: Pycnogenol 417 -- Gerald Rimbach, Fabio Virgili, and Lester Packer -- 22. Spices as Potent Antioxidants with Therapeutic Potential 437 -- Bharat B. Aggarwal, Nihal Ahmad, and Hasan Mukhtar -- VII. Lipoic Acid and Glutathione -- 23. Lipoic Acid: Cellular Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Clinical Relevance 473 -- Oren Tirosh, Sashwati Roy, and Lester Packer -- 24. Cellular Effects of Lipoic Acid and Its Role in Aging 489 -- Regis Moreau, Wei-Jian Zhang, and Tory M. Hagen -- 25. Vascular Complications in Diabetes: Mechanisms and the Influence -- of Antioxidants 511 -- Peter Rosen, Hans-Jirgen Tritschler, and Lester Packer -- 26. Therapeutic Effects of Lipoic Acid on Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance 535 -- Erik J. Henriksen -- 27. Bioavailability of Glutathione 549 -- Dean P. Jones -- VIII. Melatonin -- 28. Antioxidant Capacity of Melatonin 565 -- Russel J. Reiter, Dun-xian Tan, Lucien C. Manchester, and Juan R. Calvo -- 29. Radical and Reactive Intermediate-Scavenging Properties of Melatonin -- in Pure Chemical Systems 615 -- Maria A. Livrea, Luisa Tesoriere, Dun-xian Tan, and Russel J. Reiter -- IX. Selenium -- 30. Selenium: An Antioxidant? 633 -- Regina Brigelius-Flohe, Matilde Maiorino, Fulvio Ursini, and Leopold Flohe -- 31. Selenium Status and Prevention of Chronic Diseases 665 -- Paul Knekt -- X. Nitric Oxide -- 32. Antioxidant Properties of Nitric Oxide 689 -- Homero Rubbo and Rafael Radi.