Ecological causal assessment

What is a cause? / Glenn W. Suter II -- How have causes been identified? / Glenn W. Suter II and Susan M. Cormier -- Characteristics and evidence of causation / Susan M. Cormier, Glenn W. Suter II, and Susan B. Norton -- Human cognition and causal assessment / Susan B. Norton and Leela Rao -- Our approach for identifying causes / Susan M. Cormier, Susan B. Norton, and Glenn W. Suter II -- Defining the case / Susan B. Norton and Glenn W. Suter II -- Listing candidate causes / Susan B. Norton, Kate Schofield, Glenn W. Suter II -- And susan m. cormier -- Case-specific observations : assembling and exploring data / Susan B. Norton and Michael G. McManus -- Case-specific observations : deriving evidence / Susan B. Norton, David Farrar, and Michael Griffith -- Regional observational studies : assembling and exploring data / Jeroen Gerritsen, Lester L. Yuan, Patricia Shaw-Allen and David Farrar -- Regional observational studies : deriving evidence / Jeroen Gerritsen, Lester L. Yuan, Patricia Shaw-Allen, and Susan M. Cormier -- Regional observational studies : addressing confounding / David Farrar, Laurie C. Alexander, Lester L. Yuan and Jeroen Gerritsen -- Assessment-specific field study designs and methods / Robert B. Brua, Joseph M. Culp, and Alexa C. Alexander -- Laboratory experiments and microcosms / Alexa C. Alexander, Joseph M. Culp, and Robert B. Brua -- Mesocosm studies / Joseph M. Culp, Alexa C. Alexander, and Robert B. Brua -- Symptoms, body burdens, and biomarkers / Glenn W. Suter II -- Simulation models / Glenn W. Suter II -- Forming causal conclusions / Glenn W. Suter II, Susan M. Cormier, and Susan B. Norton -- Communicating the findings / Susan M. Cormier -- After the causal assessment : using the findings / Susan B. Norton, Scot E. Hagerthey, and Glenn W. Suter II -- Causal assessment in a complex urban watershed : the Long Creek case study / C. Richard Ziegler and Susan B. Norton -- The Clear Fork Watershed case study : the value of state -- Monitoring programs / Lei Zheng, Jeroen Gerritsen, and Susan M. Cormier -- The northern river basins study and the Athabasca River : the -- Value of experimental approaches in a weight-of-evidence assessment / Alexa C. Alexander, Patricia A. Chambers, Robert B. Brua and Joseph M. Culp -- Applying caddis to a terrestrial case : San Joaquin kit foxes on an oil field / Glenn W. Suter II and Thomas P. O'Farrell.